Spectral Anticipations
نویسنده
چکیده
Introduction This paper deals relations between randomness and structure in audio and musical sounds. Randomness, in layman sense, would be something that has an element of variation or surprise to it, while structure would be more predictable, rule-based or even deterministic. Dealing with noise, which is the “purest” type of randomness, one usually adopts the canonical physical or engineering definition of noise as signal with white spectrum, i.e. comprised of equal or almost equal energies in all frequencies. This seems to imply that noise is a complex phenomenon simply by the fact that it contains very many frequency components (mathematically, in order to qualify as random or stochastic process, the density of the frequency components has to be such that the signal would have a continuous spectrum, while periodic components would be spectral lines or delta functions). In contradiction to this reasoning comes the fact that to our perception noise is a rather simple signal, and in terms of its musical use it does not allow much structural manipulation and organization. Musical notes or other repeating or periodic acoustic components in music are closer to being deterministic and could be considered as “structure”. But then, complex musical signals, such as polyphonic or orchestral music that contain simultaneous contributions from multiple instrumental sources, often have a spectrum so dense that it seems to approach a noise-like spectrum. In such situation, the ability to determine the structure of the signal can not be revealed by looking at signal spectrum alone. Therefore, the physical definition of noise as a
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Computer Music Journal
دوره 30 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004